Question

As compared to databases, flat files have __________.

a) more security
b) less redundancy
c) more consistency
d) less flexibility

Answer 1

Compared to databases, flat files have less redundancy. Databases use structured relationships and constraints to prevent unnecessary data duplication, while flat files do not.

Step-by-step explanation:

As compared to databases, flat files have b) less redundancy. Flat files are simple data files that contain records without structured relationships. Unlike databases, which typically include mechanisms and structures to avoid unnecessary duplication of data, flat files can have redundant information on every record. Databases use a system of tables, relationships, and constraints to ensure consistency and reduce unnecessary repetition of data, known as redundancy. Therefore, the nature of databases inherently provides more control to prevent redundancy compared to flat files.