Final answer:
The correct statements regarding carbohydrate metabolism are that a. pyruvate can be converted into lactate, acetyl CoA, or ethanol, c. glycolysis functions under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and d. transporter proteins are required for glucose transport. ATP is not produced in the preparatory phase of glycolysis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Identifying which statements are correct regarding carbohydrate metabolism helps us understand how our bodies generate energy from the foods we eat. The correct statements are:
- Pyruvate that is produced in glycolysis can be converted into lactate, acetyl CoA, or ethanol.
- Glycolysis can function under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.
- Transporter proteins are required to transport glucose from the blood to the cells.
The statement about ATP being synthesized in the preparatory phase of glycolysis is incorrect; ATP is actually consumed in this phase. Instead, ATP is produced during the payoff phase of glycolysis. Pyruvate is a key metabolite in carbohydrate metabolism; under anaerobic conditions, it can be converted to lactate, while under aerobic conditions, it is channeled to the citric acid cycle after conversion to acetyl CoA. Transporter proteins, such as GLUT transporters, are indeed necessary for the transport of glucose across cell membranes.