Question

Where are you most likely to find primary succession?

1) in an area that was flooded
2) in an area covered with cooled lava
3) in an area that was severely burned
4) in an area covered by a glacier

Answer 1

Final Answer:

Primary succession is most likely to occur in:

2. In an area covered with cooled lava

Step-by-step explanation:

Primary succession refers to the colonization and establishment of life in an area that lacks soil or where soil development is minimal. Among the given options, an area covered with cooled lava best represents the conditions for primary succession.

After a volcanic eruption, lava flows create a barren landscape devoid of soil. In such areas, the process of primary succession begins with the colonization of pioneer species like lichens and mosses, gradually leading to the formation of soil as these early colonizers break down rocks and organic matter.

The other options—areas that were flooded, severely burned, or covered by a glacier—may experience secondary succession, where some soil is already present, and the ecosystem is recovering from disturbances.

Thus the correct option is 2

Answer 2

Primary succession is most likely to occur in an area covered with cooled lava, where new land is formed, and soil must be created. The process begins with pioneer species establishing on the barren land, eventually leading to the development of a diverse ecosystem.

Step-by-step explanation:

Primary succession is most likely to be found in an area that was covered with cooled lava, such as those formed following volcanic eruptions. When lava cools, it creates new land devoid of soil and life, a perfect setting for primary succession. Over time, weathering and other natural forces break down the rock, allowing pioneer species, such as lichens and certain hearty plants, to establish themselves. These species help create soil by breaking down the mineral-rich lava and contributing organic material through their growth and decay. Eventually, less hardy species can take hold, and a diverse ecosystem develops over time.

Flooded areas, areas that were severely burned, and those covered by glaciers are typically associated with secondary succession since the soil layer is usually already present, even if the living organisms have been wiped out. In the case of a formerly glaciated area, one might consider this as a site of primary succession if the glacier scoured the landscape down to bedrock, removing original soil and leaving exposed rock when it retreated.