Final answer:
The techniques used in the creation of the piece above include linear perspective, sfumato, and chiaroscuro.
Step-by-step explanation:
The techniques used in the creation of the piece above include linear perspective, sfumato, and chiaroscuro. Linear perspective is a method used to create the illusion of depth and three-dimensional space by using receding parallel lines. Sfumato is a technique that involves the blurring of sharp outlines to give the illusion of three-dimensionality. Chiaroscuro, on the other hand, is the contrast between light and dark to convey a sense of depth or volume in a two-dimensional form.