Final answer:
The row that sums up all the subtotals in a data table is known as the total row. It represents the marginal frequencies or distributions for the data, and is essential in cumulative relative frequency calculations.
Step-by-step explanation:
When arranging a group of data by a specific category, the row that sums up all the subtotals is called the total row. This row provides a summary of the data for each category. In statistical tables, this total row is often found at the bottom of the table, and it represents the marginal frequencies or marginal distributions for each category when dealing with bivariate data.
In the context of frequency tables, relative frequencies are calculated by dividing the frequency by the total number of data values. To find cumulative relative frequencies, you add all of the previous relative frequencies to the relative frequency for the current row. The last entry in the cumulative relative frequency column should be one, indicating that 100% of the data has been accounted for. However, because of rounding, this may not always sum exactly to one but should be very close.
Furthermore, the organization of data into categories may vary, such as converting numerical grades into letter grades (A, B, C, D, or F) at the end of a term. This categorization may result in combining smaller categories to meet statistical requirements, such as ensuring each cell has an expected value of at least five.