Final answer:
To model a ball bounce, vertical and horizontal positions are measured over time using equipment like meter sticks or video analysis software, while a stopwatch or software timestamps can track time intervals. Horizontal velocity graphs are expected to show constant velocity, while travel time versus height graphs are likely parabolic. Air resistance and momentum principles also play pivotal roles in analyzing motion.
Step-by-step explanation:
To construct a complete model of a ball bounce, you will need to measure both the horizontal and vertical positions of the ball over time. For the vertical measurements, equipment such as a meter stick or ultrasonic motion detector can be used to record the height at successive intervals. Horizontal measurements might require a meter stick or a video analysis with software that tracks position over time. The time interval between position measurements can be recorded using a stopwatch or the timestamp feature in video analysis software.
When creating graphs of horizontal velocity versus time, the expectation would be that without external forces, the horizontal component of velocity remains constant over time, resulting in a horizontal line on the graph. For the vertical component, maximum height can be calculated by analyzing the data for the peak value reached by the ball, and symmetry in the motion can be exploited to make predictions about the overall flight time. If the ball is launched straight up with no horizontal component, that simplifies calculations as there's no need to consider horizontal displacement. Nonetheless, time must be measured at different positions to accurately model the ball's motion.
Concerning a graph of travel time versus maximum height, it's likely to be a parabolic curve since the height reached by the object is directly related to the square of the travel time in a gravitational field. Air resistance would reduce the maximum height and increase the travel time, altering both the shape and position of the graph.
Using Newton's laws and conservation of momentum principles, you can illustrate these concepts through experiments. For instance, measuring the momentum can involve tracking the mass and velocity before and after a collision or bounce. The relationship between initial and final momentum can be verified both mathematically and graphically, and including uncertainty in your data is paramount for accurate scientific results.