Final answer:
People at high risk for contracting tuberculosis include IV drug abusers, those living in substandard housing or who are homeless, and immigrants from regions where TB is common. Health notices and proper treatment adherence are vital in preventing the spread of the disease.
Step-by-step explanation:
Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. People at high risk of contracting TB include: IV drug abusers, due to compromised health and potential sharing of needles; people living in substandard housing and the homeless, where crowded conditions promote transmission; and immigrants from areas where TB is common, as they might have been exposed to it in their countries of origin where the incidence may be higher. Furthermore, living or working environments that are poorly ventilated, such as some medical facilities in affected regions, may increase the risk of spreading TB.
Preventive measures, such as educating the public with health notices and responsible behaviors like using respiratory masks, are important to control the spread of TB. Treatment adherence is also critical. When patients do not complete their antibiotics course, this nonadherence can contribute to antimicrobial resistance, making the disease even harder to treat and control.