Final answer:
The promotion of sustainably harvested rainforest products by companies is aimed at gaining a competitive advantage, rather than just producing cheaper or more expensive products. This strategy underscores the importance of environmental conservation in business practices and market differentiation. Hence, the correct answer is option (2)
Step-by-step explanation:
The promotion of companies' sustainably harvested rainforest products is intended to promote the company a competitive advantage. This approach aligns with environmental protection, which is crucial for industries like agriculture and tourism in many low-income countries. By promoting sustainability, companies are not necessarily aiming to produce cheaper or more expensive products, but rather to differentiate themselves in the market and appeal to environmentally conscious consumers.
Measures such as energy efficiency, creating longer lasting products free of hazardous substances, and establishing global take-back programs are ways companies work to reduce environmental impacts and potentially gain a competitive edge.
Furthermore, consumer pressure to support environmentally friendly practices can be leveraged through labeling standards, such as "sustainably harvested," fostering a market for products that support the preservation of natural resources. Organizations like the United Nations advocate for environmental protection through treaties, which, along with regional agreements and WTO policies, promote sustainable development that doesn't compromise environmental health.