Final answer:
The capacitance of a capacitor depends on its physical size, layout, and the dielectric material used. Tolerance indicates the precision of the capacitance value. Common units for capacitance include picofarads, microfarads, and millifarads.
Step-by-step explanation:
The capacitance and tolerance of a capacitor largely depend on its physical characteristics and the material between its plates, known as the dielectric. For example, an air-filled capacitor with plates 1.0 mm apart and an area of 8.0 cm² has a capacitance that can be calculated using the formula for a parallel-plate capacitor. When the space between the plates is filled with a material of a certain dielectric constant, the capacitance increases proportionally to that dielectric constant.
As for the tolerance, it refers to how closely the actual capacitance value of the capacitor is to its nominal value, which is expressed as a percentage. The smaller this percentage is, the more precise the capacitor is said to be. However, specific tolerance values are not provided in the information given, as it is characteristic of a particular capacitor model.
Looking at the provided information, we can see examples of various capacitances:
- A Teflon™-filled capacitor has its own capacitance based on its physical layout and dielectric material.
- A cylindrical capacitor has a different capacitance based on its dimensions and the potential difference applied.
- Standard capacitor values can range from picofarads (pF) to millifarads (mF), with microfarads (uF) being a common unit.