Final answer:
In physics, energy is defined as the capacity to do work, where work is the exertion of force to move an object over a distance. The work-energy theorem states that this work transforms energy, often changing the object's kinetic energy.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Energy and Work
The scientific definition of energy relates to the concept of work. Energy is defined as the capacity to do work. The work in this context is the process of exerting a force on an object to move it over a distance. To illustrate, when you push a box across the floor, you are performing mechanical work, which directly relates to the energy required. Furthermore, the work-energy theorem establishes that work done on an object by an external force can change the object's kinetic energy, reflecting a transfer or transformation of energy.
Among the options given, the ability to use an applied force to make an object move best defines energy in relation to work since it encompasses the necessity of moving an object over a distance by force, which is the core of the work done in physics.