Final answer:
Balkanization refers to the process of territorial fragmentation, while a shatter belt describes a region with frequent conflicts and divisions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Balkanization is the process of territorial fragmentation, where a region is divided into multiple hostile micro-national states. This term is often used to describe the historical conflicts and divisions in the Balkan Peninsula, specifically in the region where Yugoslavia once existed. On the other hand, a shatter belt refers to a region that experiences frequent conflicts and divisions due to various political, cultural, and ethnic tensions. Eastern Europe, including the Balkans, is considered a shatter belt due to the conflicts and divisions that have occurred there.