Final answer:
A coalition is a temporary alliance that forms among political parties or groups to achieve a common goal, often to influence government policy or gain power. These alliances require negotiation, compromise, and sometimes involve pooling resources like lobbying efforts or the formation of political action committees (PACs).
Step-by-step explanation:
A coalition is essentially a temporary alliance among political groups, organized to gain power or influence government policy. This alliance can involve various interest groups, political parties, or even individuals who have come together to achieve a common goal. These coalitions may be long-standing or short-lived, depending on their objectives and the political context. The formation of coalitions often involves negotiation and compromise amongst the participating groups, and although it may dilute certain preferences, it can also improve the chances of influencing decision-making.
Political parties frequently form coalitions, especially in a multiparty system, to create a stronger entity capable of enacting policy or legislation. For instance, in a parliamentary system, multiple parties might form a coalition to create a majority government if no single party has an outright majority.
Similarly, interest groups form coalitions to pool their resources and amplify their influence on policy. This can involve lobbying efforts, fundraising through political action committees (PACs), or engaging in public advocacy campaigns. Such groups may be composed of professional groups, economic interest groups, or noneconomic groups, each seeking to advance their specific interests.