Final answer:
In 'The Merchant of Venice,' Greek mythology is used to draw thematic parallels, with Hercules symbolizing strength and Venus symbolizing love, providing cultural depth to the play's narrative.
Step-by-step explanation:
In William Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice, several characters from Greek mythology are referenced. One notable example is Hercules, mentioned by Shylock in Act I, Scene III, as an allegory for labor and strength. Another reference is to Venus, the goddess of love, brought up by Gratiano in Act II, Scene VI to underscore the theme of romance. These references are used to draw parallels between ancient myths and the play's themes of strength, sacrifice, love, and beauty. They add a layer of cultural and historical context to Shakespeare's work, embellishing the narrative with the Elizabethan audience's admiration of classical mythology.