Final answer:
After India gained independence, its state boundaries were set up through the process of partition, which resulted in the creation of a central Hindu nation and Muslim Pakistan. The partition led to the displacement of millions of people and caused a refugee crisis.
Step-by-step explanation:
After India gained independence in 1947, its state boundaries were set up through the process of partition. The partition created a central Hindu nation with two borders into Muslim Pakistan to the east and west. These new borders were arbitrarily drawn and resulted in the displacement of 12 million people. The former British subjects fled their homes to join the new nations that matched their religions. Millions died during the chaos of the migration and the refugee crisis.