Final answer:
The three structures depicted in the art piece are the glycerol backbone, fatty acid chains, and ester linkages, which together form triacylglycerols used for energy storage, insulation, and protection in living organisms.
Step-by-step explanation:
In this artwork, we observe the intricate interplay between three vital structures that ultimately result in the production of triacylglycerols, a fundamental biological molecule for storing energy. Firstly, glycerol backbone, the scaffold upon which fatty acids are attached, serving as the structural foundation. Secondly, three fatty acid chains are esterified to the glycerol, each with its own unique set of carbon-hydrogen bonds, contributing to the varied physical properties of fats and oils. Lastly, the ester linkages that join the fatty acids to the glycerol, completing the molecular structure and ensuring stability. Together, these components create triacylglycerols, energy-rich compounds that are essential for numerous biological functions, including long-term energy storage, insulation, and protection.