Final answer:
The priority assessment for a 3-year-old child with a hemoglobin level of 6.4 g/dL would be manifestations of shock, due to the risk of inadequate oxygen delivery and hypoxia that can lead to hemodynamic instability and life-threatening conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a 3-year-old child admitted to the pediatric unit with a hemoglobin level of 6.4 g/dL, which is lower than the normal range of 5 to 9 g/100 ml for weaned infants and young children, the nurse's priority assessment would be for manifestations of shock. This condition can lead to inadequate oxygen delivery to the tissues, leading to signs of hypoxia and potential hemodynamic instability. Therefore, the nurse should closely monitor for symptoms such as hypotension, tachycardia, pallor, altered mental status, and reduced urine output. While other assessments such as increased white blood cell count (WBC), presence of hemoglobinuria, and signs of cardiac decompensation are important, initial assessment should focus on stabilizing vital signs and preventing shock which is an immediate life-threatening condition.
Anemia of this severity can progress to shock if not quickly addressed, as indicated by a patient who arrives in the emergency department with a blood pressure of 70/45, confusion, and complaints of thirst. The rapid identification and treatment of shock can prevent further complications, including cardiac decompensation and organ failure.