Final answer:
Biomass can be a renewable and carbon-neutral energy source, but its sustainability can be affected by the energy required for production and transportation, as well as the potential for environmental pollution and deforestation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Comparing biomass to fossil fuels as an alternative energy source involves evaluating their sustainability and environmental impact. While biomass is a renewable energy source and can be carbon neutral, as the CO2 released from burning biomass is roughly equivalent to what's absorbed during the lifecycle of plants, it is not without challenges. Biomass energy, especially when derived from monoculture crops, may require significant energy for production and transportation, potentially reducing its net energy savings compared to fossil fuels.
Moreover, the direct combustion of biomass, primarily wood, can produce harmful pollutants and lead to deforestation if not managed sustainably. However, using waste materials such as sawdust or yard waste for biomass does not add new CO2 to the atmosphere and can therefore help mitigate climate change. It is crucial to evaluate each type of biomass to ensure it advances sustainability without exacerbating environmental impacts or competing with food production for resources.