Final answer:
Gamete formation in males typically results in all cells having the potential to be viable. Nondisjunction during meiosis II can result in 50% normal gametes, but during meiosis I it leads to 0% normal gametes. Probability ensures a 50/50 chance of sperm carrying an X or Y chromosome, but this is separate from nondisjunction outcomes. The correct option is 2) No
Step-by-step explanation:
Does gamete formation in males result in a 50/50 split of viable cells? The answer is No. Typically, during spermatogenesis, which is the process where male gametes (sperm) are produced, all four cells resulting from meiosis have the potential to become viable sperm. However, when nondisjunction occurs, it can affect the number of viable gametes produced.
If nondisjunction happens during meiosis I, all resulting gametes will be affected, leading to none being normal, meaning 0% normal gametes, not a 50% normal rate. On the other hand, if nondisjunction occurs during meiosis II, 50% of the resulting gametes might be normal, and the other 50% will carry an abnormal number of chromosomes.
Probability plays a role in which type of chromosome a sperm will receive, either an X or a Y chromosome during gamete formation. Hence, there's a 50 percent chance of a sperm carrying either the X or the Y chromosome, much like the 50/50 probability of a coin toss. However, this is separate from the scenario of nondisjunction.
In usual circumstances without nondisjunction, the sorting of chromosomes into gametes is indeed random and results in a near 50/50 split of X and Y chromosome-containing sperm cells. The correct option is 2) No