Final answer:
The Great Migration is the term that describes the movement of African Americans from the rural South to the urban Northeast and Midwest, which occurred between the end of the Civil War and the start of the Great Depression, with a significant number occurring between 1910 and 1930.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mass movement of African Americans from the rural South to urban areas in the Midwest and Northeast is known as The Great Migration. This momentous period saw nearly two million African Americans leave the South between the end of the Civil War and the beginning of the Great Depression, with about 1.5 million migrating between 1910 and 1930.
During the Great War, or World War I, there was a significant need for workers which led to the Great Migration accelerating, and approximately half a million African Americans moved North to take advantage of wartime employment opportunities in Northern factories.
These movements were driven by the desire to escape Jim Crow laws and seek better economic opportunities. Cities such as New York, Chicago, and Detroit became major destinations, profoundly influencing the demographic and cultural landscapes of these urban environments.