Final answer:
Authors' different intentions and personal histories can greatly affect their writing purposes. The victorious and the vanquished authors may have different tones due to their contexts.
Step-by-step explanation:
In analyzing the purpose(s) of the authors in writing these texts, it is important to consider their intended audience and their motivations. The differences in their personal histories can greatly affect their purposes. For example, an author who was on the side of the victorious may write with a celebratory tone, highlighting their accomplishments and reinforcing their authority. On the other hand, an author among the vanquished may write with a tone of sorrow, seeking to expose injustice or advocate for change.
In the first text, the author is writing to inform and educate readers about the scientific discoveries of the time. Their purpose is to present accurate and reliable information. In the second text, the author is writing to persuade readers to take action against social injustice. Their purpose is to inspire empathy and motivate change.
The similarities and differences in their personal histories shape their perspectives and influence their purposes. The victorious author may be more interested in praising their achievements, while the vanquished author may be driven by a desire for justice and equality. These motivations can be seen in the tone, language, and overall message of their texts.