Final answer:
Bismarck's success depended on his use of Realpolitik, involving practical and calculated political decisions, and on his strategic military campaigns that advanced Prussian interests leading to German unification.
Step-by-step explanation:
Norman Rich might argue that Otto von Bismarck's success in unifying Germany depended on several key strategies. Using Realpolitik, Bismarck prioritized practicality and pragmatism over ideology and morality in his political decisions. His approach included manipulating nationalist sentiments for popular support, strengthening relations through alliances only when they served Prussian interest, and advancing the military strength of Prussia.
His tactical restraint after the Austro-Prussian War showed the essence of Realpolitik by not pursuing the conquest of Austria. These calculated moves, often involving wars with Denmark, Austria, and France, were essential in shaping his successful foreign and domestic policies that ultimately led to the unification of Germany.