Final answer:
Clones are produced asexually and inherit the exact same genotype from the single parent. Asexual reproduction allows genetically identical offspring to be created quickly, which is beneficial in predictable environments but limits adaptation to new conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Clones
are offspring produced
asexually
and have the same
genotype
as the parent.
The term cloning refers to the process in which organisms reproduce asexually to create offspring that are genetically identical to the single parent. This phenomena is characteristic of many single-celled organisms and some multicellular organisms, where no genetic material is combined from two different individuals. As there is no exchange or mixing of genetic material, the offspring inherit the exact same genetic makeup, known as the genotype, from the parent. This is in stark contrast to sexual reproduction, where the fusion of two haploid cells (gametes) from two different individuals results in a diploid cell, leading to offspring with genetic diversity. Asexual reproduction, including methods like budding, fragmentation, and parthenogenesis, ensures a rapid and large production of offspring, which is advantageous in stable environmental conditions. However, it lacks genetic diversity which can be a disadvantage in changing environments, as it limits the capacity for adaptation.