Final answer:
To avoid self-fertilization, organisms can use sequential hermaphroditism, where reproductive parts mature at different times. Sea stars can double after being fragmented due to their ability to regenerate. Sexual reproduction combines genetic material from two organisms, providing genetic diversity through meiosis and fertilization.answer is option 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
Organisms can avoid self-fertilization through sequential hermaphroditism, where male and female reproductive parts attain maturity at different times. This strategy prevents self-fertilization as the organism doesn't have functional male and female parts at the same time. In contrast, simultaneous hermaphroditism, cloning, and binary fission generally do not serve to avoid self-fertilization. Binary fission, specifically, is a method of asexual reproduction and doesn't involve the combination of genetic material from two different organisms.
Sea stars can sometimes double their population when parts of their bodies are broken apart because of regeneration and fragmentation. These forms of asexual reproduction allow each part to regrow into a new sea star. A sexually reproducing animal with limited mobility might utilize budding as a method of reproduction, which can occur without the need to move to find a mate.
Sexual reproduction, involving the fusion of haploid cells to form a genetically unique diploid cell, introduces genetic variation. Furthermore, sexual reproduction commonly employs meiosis and fertilization to produce genetically diverse offspring, contributing to the evolutionary success of sexually reproducing organisms.