Final answer:
The multilocus genotype of a chromosome is referred to as a haplotype, which is a set of genes inherited from one parent. It is used to trace inheritance of traits, especially in genetic linkage studies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The multilocus genotype of a chromosome is called a haplotype. This term refers to a group of genes within an organism that was inherited together from a single parent. The concept of a haplotype is particularly useful in the field of genetic linkage studies, where the combination of alleles or a set of single nucleotide polymorphisms found on a single chromosome can be used to track the inheritance of disease-related genes within families.
A genotype represents the specific genetic makeup of an individual for a specific trait, generally indicated by letters representing different alleles, such as BB, Bb, or bb. Matched pairs of chromosomes in a diploid organism are called homologous chromosomes. Each homologous chromosome contains genes at specific locations called loci, with different versions of genes known as alleles. An individual's overall genetic makeup is referred to as their genotype.