Final answer:
True: Heterogametic sexes produce two types of gametes, whereas homogametic sexes produce one. In humans, males are heterogametic with X and Y chromosome-bearing sperm, while females are homogametic with only X chromosome-bearing eggs.
Step-by-step explanation:
Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction
A heterogametic sex produces two types of sex cells, while a homogametic sex produces sex cells of only one type. In the context of human reproduction, males are the heterogametic sex because they produce two different types of gametes (sperm cells) carrying either an X or a Y chromosome, which determines the gender of the offspring. Females, on the other hand, are the homogametic sex because they produce eggs (ova) that all carry the X chromosome.
Meiosis is the specialized type of cell division that gives rise to haploid gametes, which combine during fertilization to form a diploid zygote. This process involves two sequential divisions: meiosis I and meiosis II. The result is the production of four non-identical haploid cells from a single diploid parent cell, thereby introducing genetic variation within the species.