Final answer:
Thermoacidophiles(1) are the type of archaebacteria that survive in extremely high temperatures. Extremophiles such as thermoacidophiles can thrive in environments like hot springs, where conditions may reach well above 40°C. Examples include Thermus aquaticus, used in PCR, and methanogens that form mutualistic relationships with gut bacteria in ruminants.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of archaebacteria that lives in environments where there are extremely high temperatures are known as thermoacidophiles(4). Thermoacidophiles are extremophiles that thrive in both high-temperature and acidic environments. As remarkable extremophiles, thermoacidophiles inhabit places like hot springs and deep-sea vents.
1. Halophiles live in environments with a high concentration of salt, such as the Great Salt Lake or the Dead Sea, hence the term 'salt-loving'.
2. Archaea are classified as thermophiles because they can survive and prosper in environments with temperatures often exceeding 40°C. Thermus aquaticus is an example of a thermophile that has significantly contributed to scientific research by providing a heat-stable enzyme for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.
3. An example of a mutualistic relationship between archaea and another organism is between methanogenic archaea and certain species of bacteria found in the guts of ruminants. The archaea help break down complex organic compounds into methane, providing a benefit to their bacterial hosts by facilitating digestion.