Final answer:
DNA sequences serve as a template for the production of RNA, which is then used to synthesize polypeptides. DNA contains the genetic instructions for the synthesis of all proteins in an organism, following the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology.
Step-by-step explanation:
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a vital molecular structure that stores the genetic blueprint of living organisms and is essential for the continuity of life. DNA sequences store information that serves as a template for making various molecules in a cell. The correct answer to the question is that DNA sequences serve as a template to make RNA (Option b), which is then used to synthesize polypeptides (proteins), through the processes of transcription and translation.
This flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein is known as the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology. DNA is a long polymer made of repeating units called nucleotides, and each nucleotide in DNA is made up of a pentose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, cytosine, guanine, or thymine). Through the process of transcription, the information in DNA is copied into RNA, specifically messenger RNA (mRNA), which then travels to the ribosome where it is used as a template in translation to assemble the amino acids in the correct order to form polypeptides.