Final answer:
The chromosome complement in an individual with a monosomy is denoted as 2n-1, representing a total of 45 chromosomes in humans where one is absent, such as in Turner syndrome with a 45,X complement.
Step-by-step explanation:
The chromosome complement in an individual with a monosomy is written as 2n-1, where 'n' represents the normal number of chromosome pairs for that species. For humans, this would be 45 chromosomes, as one chromosome from a pair is missing. Monosomy in human zygotes typically results in failure to develop to birth, and it underscores the critical nature of gene dosage in development and function.
For instance, Turner syndrome, which is a form of monosomy where individuals have a single X chromosome (XO), manifests as short stature, webbed skin in the neck region, hearing and cardiac impairments, and sterility. In most cases, autosomal monosomies are not viable, leading to early development failure. However, Turner syndrome is an exception, where the individuals can survive with certain physical and health challenges. The written representation of Turner syndrome would be 45,X.
In an individual with monosomy, the chromosome complement is written as 2n-1. The 'n' represents the number of chromosomes present in a normal diploid individual. Monosomy refers to the loss of one chromosome, resulting in a total chromosome count that is one less than normal.