Final answer:
The signaling molecule Notch results in the differentiation of glial cells in the developing nervous system, regulating the balance between neurons and glial cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Notch signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the differentiation process within the developing nervous system. It helps regulate the decision of cells to differentiate into either neurons or glial cells. During development, when a precursor cell is deciding whether to become a neuron or a glial cell, the interaction between Notch and its ligand, such as Delta, determines the cell's fate.
When Notch is activated by binding to Delta on an adjacent cell, it typically promotes the development of glial cells. If Notch is not activated, the precursor cell is more likely to differentiate into a neuron. This pathway ensures the proper balance between the number of neurons and glial cells, which is essential for a functional nervous system.