Final answer:
Both gliders, one of mass m and the other of mass 2m, will have the same change in momentum when pushed with an identical force for the same time, resulting in the lighter glider moving at a higher velocity.
Step-by-step explanation:
When two gliders with masses m and 2m are pushed with the same constant force f for the same short interval of time, the change in momentum for each glider will be equal according to the principle of impulse. The impulse experienced by both gliders is defined as the product of the force and the time interval during which the force acts, given by the formula Impulse = Force × Time. Since both the force and the time are identical for the two gliders, their change in momentum will be the same.
Therefore, despite the difference in mass, the final momentum p (given by mass × velocity) of the lighter glider of mass m will be equal to the final momentum of the heavier glider of mass 2m because momentum depends on both mass and velocity. This implies that the lighter glider will end up moving at a higher velocity than the heavier glider to compensate for its smaller mass and still achieve the same momentum.