Final answer:
An instrumental attitude by managers refers to treating employees as mere resources, in contrast to a humanistic approach that values employees beyond their utility. Ethnocentrism in the workplace can impede the embrace of multiculturalism and the benefits it brings to an organization.
Step-by-step explanation:
When organization managers have an instrumental attitude, they treat employees as resources to be used. This instrumental view can be contrasted with other managerial attitudes such as a humanistic approach, which sees employees as having intrinsic value beyond their utility to the organization.
Ethnocentrism, often discussed in business and sociology, is a concept where one’s own culture is used as the standard to evaluate others, leading to the belief that one’s culture is superior to others. Ethnocentrism can be detrimental in the workplace, as it might prevent embracing multiculturalism, which recognizes the value of diverse cultures and people from these cultures. Embracing diversity can lead to greater success within organizations.