Final answer:
The answer is 'Need to achieve,' which is the desire to perform well and choose situations with a high probability of success. It is distinct from self-efficacy and locus of control but is related to motivation and goal selection.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question pertains to which factor indicates that people are motivated to excel and select situations where success is likely. The correct answer is b. Need to achieve. This concept relates to the drive for success and the tendency to pursue achievements in areas where individuals believe they can succeed. This is different from self-efficacy, which is the belief in one's own ability to complete tasks and goals, and locus of control, which relates to the belief in how much control one has over the events in their life. An internal locus of control reflects the belief that one's own actions directly impact outcomes, whereas an external locus of control suggests that outside factors have a significant impact.
According to Julian Rotter, the internal locus of control is associated with the idea that effort and actions lead to success, whereas the external locus of control often relates to attributing outcomes to external factors like luck or other people. The need to achieve is closely linked to motivation and the selection of situations that are likely to result in success.