Final answer:
a) Discretionary responsibilities are purely voluntary actions that companies take to benefit society and make a positive impact.
Step-by-step explanation:
The responsibility that is purely voluntary and guided by a company's desire to make social contributions not mandated by economics, law, or ethics is discretionary. Discretionary responsibilities go beyond what is required by law or ethical standards.
They are actions that companies take voluntarily to benefit society and make a positive impact, such as donating to charities, supporting community initiatives, or implementing environmentally-friendly practices.