Final answer:
To determine the number of saccharin molecules in a 40.0-mg sample, divide the mass of the sample by the molar mass of saccharin. In the same sample, there are 7 carbon atoms, as stated by the molecular formula of saccharin.
Step-by-step explanation:
Saccharin has a molar mass of 183.18 g/mol. To determine the number of saccharin molecules in a 40.0-mg sample, we can use the formula:
Number of molecules = (Mass of sample)/(Molar mass)
Number of molecules = 0.0400 g / 183.18 g/mol
Number of molecules = 2.18 x 10^19 molecules
To determine the number of carbon atoms in the same sample, we need to consider the molecular formula of saccharin, which is C7H5NO3S. It contains 7 carbon atoms. Therefore, in the given sample, there are 7 carbon atoms.