Final answer:
Adding an unpleasant stimulus to decrease behavior is called positive punishment, which differs from negative reinforcement where an unpleasant stimulus is removed to increase a behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
Adding an unpleasant stimulus to decrease the likelihood of behavior happening again is known as positive punishment. It's different from negative reinforcement, which involves the removal of an unpleasant stimulus to increase behavior. For instance, in positive punishment, a teacher might scold a student to prevent them from texting in class, thereby adding an unpleasant stimulus to reduce the undesirable behavior. On the other hand, in negative reinforcement, a seatbelt alarm stops beeping once the seatbelt is fastened, thereby removing an unpleasant stimulus to encourage a behavior.. For instance, scolding a student to get them to stop texting in class is an example of positive punishment. The addition of the reprimand is intended to decrease the behavior of texting.