Final answer:
The nurse should assess the patient's ability to safely trim toenails, instruct on proper nail cutting techniques, and possibly refer to a podiatrist if necessary. Education on regular foot inspections and maintaining blood glucose control is equally important for patients with type 2 diabetes to prevent foot complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at increased risk for foot complications such as infections, ulcerations, and poor wound healing due to common issues like diabetic neuropathy. The nurse must therefore provide guidance on proper foot care to prevent complications. When the patient expresses a desire to trim their toenails, the nurse should assess the patient's ability to perform this task safely. If the patient has good vision, hand dexterity, and no severe neuropathy that might impair their ability to feel an accidental injury, the nurse can demonstrate safe nail trimming techniques. It is crucial to instruct the patient to cut nails straight across, avoid cutting too close to the skin, and file down any sharp edges to prevent ingrown nails and cuts. If there are any concerns about the ability to safely perform this task, the nurse may decide to assist the patient or refer to a podiatrist for specialized care.
Additionally, the nurse should educate the patient on the importance of regular foot inspections, wearing appropriate footwear, and maintaining good glycemic control. Education sessions such as a Diabetes Boot Camp can be helpful, where diabetes educators and registered dieticians provide nutritional information and foot care tips. Monitoring blood glucose levels frequently and adhering to a healthy diet with physical activity are essential in managing type 2 diabetes and preventing foot complications. Following a diabetes care plan established by healthcare professionals is key to successful long-term management of the condition.