Final answer:
The resident microbiota consists of stable microorganisms living within our bodies that contribute to digestion, immune defense, and overall health. They differ from transient microbiota, which are temporarily present and can include pathogens. Disruption of resident microbiota can lead to health issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
The resident microbiota refers to microorganisms that constantly live in or on our bodies. These include various bacteria, fungi, and archaea that are part of the normal flora of the human body. Unlike transient microbiota, which are temporary and may include pathogenic organisms, resident microbiota are a stable part of our body's ecosystem and can contribute to our health in various ways.
For example, in the gastrointestinal tract, the resident microbiota helps in the digestion of complex carbohydrates and production of vitamins. On the skin, these microorganisms provide a protective barrier against pathogenic invaders. Resident microbiota also play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of the immune system by training it to distinguish between harmful and benign entities.