Final answer:
Enzymes enhance reaction rates by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction, which allows chemical reactions to occur more quickly within the cell. They achieve this through various mechanisms, such as binding and orienting substrates, altering their structure, and forming temporary bonds.
Step-by-step explanation:
Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the rate of chemical reactions in the body by reducing the activation energy needed for the reaction to proceed. They bind to specific molecules called substrates at their active sites and can facilitate the reaction by appropriately positioning these substrates, altering the shape of the enzyme or the substrates, or forming temporary bonds that help in lowering the activation energy required to reach the transition state of a reaction.
Thus, the correct answer to the question presented is that enzymes increase the rate of activity by lowering the activation energy (Option B). This is crucial because it allows chemical reactions to proceed at a faster rate within the biological constraints of a cell's environment. Enzymes are also specialized for the reactions they catalyze and have unique active sites that fit only specific substrates, much like a key fits a lock.