Final answer:
Pyrimidines are not associated with proteins but are nitrogenous bases in nucleic acids, while enzymes, alpha helices, peptide bonds, and disulfide bridges are all associated with the structure and function of proteins.
Step-by-step explanation:
The component that is not associated with proteins among the options provided is pyrimidines (C). Pyrimidines are nitrogenous bases found in nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA, and they include cytosine, thymine, and uracil. These bases are not components of proteins. Proteins, on the other hand, are made up of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Their structure can be organized into four levels: the primary structure is the sequence of amino acids, the secondary structure includes a helices and beta pleated sheets formed by hydrogen bonds, the tertiary structure is the three-dimensional shape formed by disulfide linkages and other interactions between amino acid side chains, and the quaternary structure arises when multiple polypeptides interact to form a larger protein complex, such as hemoglobin.
Proteins are long chains of amino acids that have multiple functions in cells. They consist of four levels of structure: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary. The primary structure is the unique sequence of amino acids, while the secondary structure involves local folding through hydrogen bond formation. The tertiary structure is the overall three-dimensional configuration of the protein, which can be influenced by various interactions including disulfide linkages. The quaternary structure occurs when two or more separate polypeptides bond together to form a larger protein.
Given the options provided, all of them except 'pyrimidines' are associated with proteins. Pyrimidines, on the other hand, are a type of nitrogenous base found in DNA and RNA.