Final answer:
The correct answer is Option E) metaphase II. Sister chromatids separate during anaphase II of meiosis II, facilitated by kinetochore microtubules and leading to the formation of four haploid gametic combinations.
Step-by-step explanation:
In meiosis, sister chromatids separate during anaphase II. During this phase, the kinetochore microtubules pull the sister chromatids apart and move them towards opposite poles of the cell. This allows for the formation of four different gametic combinations, each containing a haploid set of chromosomes.
Sister chromatids separate during anaphase II of meiosis. During meiosis I, specifically anaphase I, homologous chromosomes are pulled apart. However, it is in meiosis II that the sister chromatids are separated. This separation is facilitated by kinetochore microtubules pulling the sister chromatids toward opposite poles of the cell. Additionally, during this phase, nonkinetochore microtubules work to elongate the cell. Once separated, each chromatid becomes an individual chromosome, which leads to the formation of four genetically distinct gametic combinations, each with a haploid set of chromosomes at the end of meiosis II.