Final answer:
The correct answer is d. test of independence, which uses a contingency table to determine if there is a relationship between two categorical variables.
Step-by-step explanation:
A Chi-square test on two categorical variables to determine if they are related is known as d. test of independence. This statistical test makes use of a contingency table which organizes data into rows and columns to count the frequency of each combination of categorical variables. The null hypothesis for this test implies that there is no association between the two variables, meaning they are independent.
The goodness-of-fit test is used to see if data follows a particular distribution, while a test of homogeneity compares multiple populations to see if they have the same distribution. These are different from the test of independence, which is specifically designed to evaluate the relationship between two categorical variables.