Final answer:
The reverse of a dehydration synthesis reaction is a A. hydrolytic reaction. This involves breaking bonds by adding water, as opposed to combining molecules by removing water in a dehydration synthesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The reverse of a dehydration synthesis reaction is a hydrolytic reaction. Dehydration synthesis involves combining molecules by losing water, whereas hydrolysis includes breaking bonds by adding water. When bonds in a molecule are broken in the presence of water, such as in the digestion of food, it's a hydrolysis or hydrolytic reaction.
In the context of the options provided, anabolic reactions refer to endergonic reactions that build larger molecules from smaller units, such as the formation of proteins from amino acids. Catabolic reactions are the opposite, involving the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, and releasing energy in the process. The general notation AB → A + B represents a decomposition reaction. Lastly, the bonding of calcium, phosphorus, and other elements found in bone is an example of a synthesis reaction.
An exchange reaction is a type of chemical reaction where synthesis and decomposition occur simultaneously, with chemical bonds being both formed and broken. A simple exchange reaction example is A + BC → AB + C, where the molecule BC decomposes and A bonds with B.