Final answer:
The incorrect statement about Pasteur's observations is that pasteurization kills yeast to prevent spoilage of grape juice. Pasteur's research did show the role of yeast in fermentation and the role of microbes in spoilage but pasteurization was not specifically about targeting yeast. Hence, the correct option among the given one is Option D.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question posed asks which observation is NOT accurate concerning Louis Pasteur's discoveries about the fermentation of grape juice. The correct answer is option D) pasteurization kills yeast to prevent spoilage of grape juice. Pasteur's work did show that some bacteria may produce acid in grape juice (A), yeast can grow in sealed or open flasks of grape juice (B), and yeast can grow with or without oxygen (C). However, Pasteur did not claim that pasteurization kills yeast, as pasteurization is a process of heating to kill microbes, not specifically targeting yeast. His discovery that airborne microbes, not spontaneous generation, caused food spoilage, led to methods for preventing microbial contamination. Yeast, a single-celled eukaryotic organism, performs alcoholic fermentation and is essential in wine production.