Final answer:
Nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides, which consist of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. Phosphate groups and hydrogen bonds are associated with nucleic acid structure, while amino acids are not.
Step-by-step explanation:
Nucleic acids are macromolecules made up of nucleotides, which consist of a five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen-containing base. The sugar component can be either ribose (in RNA) or deoxyribose (in DNA), while the nitrogen base can be uracil (in RNA) or thymine (in DNA).
Phosphate groups are also an essential part of nucleic acid structure, providing a negative charge to the molecule. Hydrogen bonds play a crucial role in stabilizing the double helix structure of DNA, while amino acids are not directly associated with nucleic acid structure.