Final answer:
A microarray is a collection of bacterial clones containing gene sequences of an organism's genome, used to compare DNA or cDNA samples. This technique allows for the analysis of gene sequences and gene-expression patterns.
Step-by-step explanation:
A collection of bacterial clones each of which contains a portion of the gene sequences of an organism is known as a microarray of that organism's genome. This is a technique used in genomics to compare two samples of genomic DNA or cDNA. The DNA or cDNA fragments are immobilized on a chip and labeled with different fluorescent dyes, allowing for comparison of sequences or gene-expression patterns.
For example, if we were studying the genes of a specific organism, we could create a microarray by cloning fragments of its genome into bacterial clones. Each clone would represent a specific portion of the organism's genes. By immobilizing these clones on a chip and comparing the fluorescent signals from different samples, we could analyze the gene sequences and gene-expression patterns.
Microarray analysis is an important tool in genomics and can provide valuable insights into the genetic makeup and gene expression of an organism.