Question

Genetic elements known as promoters are initiation points in the process of ______

A) transformation.
B) mutation repair.
C) translation.
D) DNA replication.
E) transcription.

Answer 1

Promoters are DNA sequences that initiate the process of transcription, where RNA is synthesized from a DNA template. Therefore, the most appropriate correct option is E.

Step-by-step explanation:

Genetic elements known as promoters are initiation points in the process of E) transcription. Promoters are specific DNA sequences where the transcription machinery binds to initiate the creation of RNA from DNA. This process transpires during the initiation stage of transcription. The sigma (o) subunit of the RNA polymerase enzyme recognizes and binds to the promoter consensus sequences located upstream of the initiation site, especially the -35 sequence (TTGACA). Once this binding occurs, the other subunits of the RNA polymerase attach, and transcription begins by unwinding the DNA at the TATA box (-10 region: TATAAT) to allow the synthesis of RNA.