Final answer:
"John Rawls was a Professor of Philosophy at Harvard University for nearly 40 years. He is celebrated for his significant contributions to ethics and political philosophy, particularly his Theory of Justice, which has influenced laws and societal structures emphasizing fairness and equal opportunity."
Step-by-step explanation:
John Rawls was a professor at Harvard University for nearly 40 years. As a Professor of Philosophy, he made significant contributions to the field of Ethics with the development of his Theory of the Good as Justice and Justice conceived as Fairness. Rawls's ideas, particularly articulated in his book A Theory of Justice, have had a profound impact on both philosophy and practical policymaking.
His concepts of fairness and justice aimed to assist societies in structurally ordering their affairs to provide equal opportunities, influencing lawmakers and Supreme Court decisions in the United States. Rawls began with the premise that society should be a cooperative system for mutual advantage, and advocated for the imaginative exercise of placing oneself behind a "veil of ignorance" to design a fair and equitable society, free from personal biases of one's own circumstance.