Final answer:
The process involving the creation and upkeep of a workable plan to ensure a project meets an organization's needs is known as the Planning phase in project management.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process that includes devising and maintaining a workable scheme to ensure that the project addresses the organization's needs is b. Planning. This stage of project management is critical for outlining the steps necessary to achieve project goals. During the planning phase, project managers develop a comprehensive plan that guides the team through execution, monitoring, and closing. It involves setting objectives, determining actions to achieve the goals, and mobilizing resources to execute the actions. A well-planned project ensures that the team is headed in the right direction and remains focused on meeting the organization's needs.