Final answer:
Applied science, also known as technology, focuses on using scientific knowledge to develop solutions for real-world problems, ranging from improving crop yields to finding disease cures and saving endangered animals.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of research designed specifically to solve real-world problems is known as applied science or technology. Unlike pure science, which seeks to expand knowledge regardless of the immediate practical applications, applied science is all about harnessing scientific principles to create solutions for everyday challenges. Examples of applied research include the development of new agricultural techniques to improve crop yield, medical research to find a cure for diseases, and environmental conservation efforts to save animals threatened by natural disasters. In this context, the problem is usually defined for researchers, and the goal is to apply existing scientific knowledge to develop practical solutions.
Applied research does not typically aim to uncover new scientific principles but instead focuses on creating innovative products, strategies, or techniques that address specific problems. These can range from creating more efficient laundry detergents that use less water and reduce pollution, to engineering works that mitigate the impact of natural disasters on communities. The underlying characteristic of applied research is its direct relevance and immediate potential to improve conditions in our lives and society.