Final answer:
Cameron's flashcard describes the psychoanalytic theory, which was developed by Sigmund Freud to explain personality through unconscious forces, childhood experiences, and developmental stages. Freud's framework includes the id, ego, and superego, and was later adapted by neo-Freudians who focused less on sexuality and more on social and cultural factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cameron recognizes this approach to personality as the psychoanalytic theory. This theory was developed by Sigmund Freud, who believed that our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by unconscious forces. Freud suggested that the unconscious houses repressed memories and instincts, which can cause inner conflict and shape our personalities. He also identified three components of the psyche: the id, ego, and superego, with the ego functioning to balance the primitive desires of the id and the moralistic demands of the superego. Freud's theory emphasized the importance of childhood experiences and developmental stages in forming personality.
Freud's original ideas gave rise to the neo-Freudian theories, with thinkers like Alfred Adler, Carl Jung, Erik Erikson, and Karen Horney slightly modifying his concepts. Although neo-Freudians agreed on the importance of the unconscious and childhood experiences, they placed less emphasis on sexuality and more on social influences and cultural factors. Freud's theory heralded an era where psychoanalytic thought was the dominant force in understanding personality, and it remains a significant psychological perspective.